Fumed Oak is oak that has been darkened by exposing it to ammonia fumes, a process that reacts naturally with the tannins in the timber to create a rich, deep colour without obscuring the grain. Popularised during the Arts and Crafts movement, fumed oak became closely associated with designers such as Gustav Stickley and Ernest Gimson. Antique fumed oak furniture is highly regarded for its understated elegance and natural finish.