Provenance is the documented history of ownership of an object, tracing its journey from the maker or original owner through subsequent collections to the present day. Evidence may include sale receipts, auction catalogues, inventories, family papers, exhibition records, photographs, labels and inscriptions.
A strong provenance can significantly increase the interest and value of an antique. Objects that can be shown to have come from a notable country house, a distinguished collection or a historically important individual often command a premium, as the history adds both credibility and narrative. Provenance also supports authentication, helping to confirm age and origin, and is increasingly important for demonstrating that an object was acquired legally, particularly for archaeological material, works of art and items containing restricted materials such as ivory. Buyers should treat unsupported claims with caution and ask to see documentary evidence, while sellers should keep any paperwork relating to an object together with it.
