Preventive conservation is the practice of slowing or preventing the deterioration of objects by controlling the conditions in which they are kept, used and displayed, rather than by treating damage after it has happened. It is the foundation of modern museum practice and applies equally to antiques in private homes.
The main risks to antiques are fluctuating relative humidity and temperature, light, pests, pollutants, poor handling and accidents. Wooden furniture shrinks and swells as humidity changes, causing splits, lifting veneers and loose joints, so pieces should be kept away from radiators, fireplaces, air-conditioning units and damp outside walls. Light, especially sunlight and ultraviolet, fades textiles, watercolours, wood and lacquer, and blinds, curtains and filtering film are simple defences. Woodworm, moth and carpet beetle should be watched for and dealt with promptly. Objects should be lifted from their strongest points, chairs by their seat rails rather than arms or backs, and tables by their frames rather than their tops. Regular, gentle dusting, sensible storage with acid-free materials and periodic inspection help catch problems early. Preventive conservation is inexpensive compared with restoration and preserves the original surfaces and materials that give antiques their value and character.
