Fringe is a decorative textile trimming consisting of a woven heading from which hang loose threads, cords, tassels or bobbles. Part of the wider family of passementerie, it is used to finish the edges of upholstery, curtains, pelmets, bed hangings, cushions, table covers and lampshades, adding weight, movement and a sense of richness.
Fringes have been used in European interiors since at least the medieval period, and by the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries elaborate silk and metal-thread fringes adorned state beds and chairs in great houses. Types include the heavy bullion fringe of twisted cords, often used at the base of sofas and chairs, the lighter cut fringe, the tassel fringe, the bobble or ball fringe and the delicate looped fringe. The Victorians were especially fond of fringe, applying it generously to drapery, mantel valances and upholstered furniture. Original fringes are often faded, moth-damaged or replaced, so surviving period trimmings are valued by upholsterers and conservators restoring historic schemes. When reupholstering an antique chair or sofa, a well-chosen fringe in silk, wool or cotton can conceal tacks and seams while giving the finished piece an authentic period character.
