Metal restoration is the repair and refinishing of antique objects made of metal, such as brass, copper, bronze, iron, steel, pewter, spelter and silver. It covers cleaning, removal of corrosion, straightening of dents, repair of breaks by soldering, brazing or welding, replacement of missing parts, regilding, replating and repatination.
Approaches to metal restoration have changed considerably, and today greater emphasis is placed on conserving original surfaces wherever possible. A mellow, even patina on brass or bronze is generally preferred to a harsh, over-polished finish, and aggressive buffing can wear away crisp detail, engraving and makers' marks. Gilt bronze needs particular care, since its gilding is easily lost through careless cleaning. Iron and steel may need rust removal and protective coatings, while lead and spelter require specialist handling because they are soft and easily damaged. Old repairs, replaced parts and modern lacquer can significantly affect value, and buyers should ask what work has been done. For valuable or historically important pieces it is wise to consult an experienced metalwork restorer or conservator, as some processes, such as replating or stripping a patina, cannot be reversed. Sympathetic restoration returns a piece to use while respecting its age.
