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THE SHACKLETON FOX ENCYCLOPAEDIA

The Shackleton Fox Encyclopaedia

An A–Z guide to antiques, decorative arts & collecting terms.
A growing reference library designed to help collectors, interior designers and antique enthusiasts better understand objects, materials, makers, periods and craftsmanship.
ABOUT THE ENCYCLOPAEDIA

A trusted reference for collectors and connoisseurs.

Explore the language, materials and craftsmanship behind antiques and the decorative arts. Browse alphabetically, search for a specific term, or filter by subject. Each entry connects you to related definitions and broader areas of collecting knowledge.
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Entries beginning with F

182 terms

F

Fabergé

Fine Art & ArtistsMakers, Designers & Manufacturers

Fabergé is the internationally renowned Russian jewellery and decorative arts firm founded by Peter Carl Fabergé in Saint Petersburg in 1842. Best known for its magnificent Imperial Easter Eggs created for the Russian Tsars, Fabergé also produced exceptional jewellery, silver, enamels, hardstone carvings and luxury

Fabric

Textiles

Fabric refers to any woven, knitted or non-woven textile used in the production of furniture, upholstery, curtains, clothing and decorative furnishings. Antique fabrics include linen, silk, wool, cotton and tapestry weaves, each valued for its craftsmanship, texture and historical significance. Original period fabrics are highly

Fabric Conservation

Restoration & Conservation

Fabric Conservation is the specialist practice of preserving and stabilising historic textiles to prevent further deterioration while retaining as much original material as possible. Used for antique upholstery, tapestries, curtains and decorative textiles, conservation focuses on careful cleaning, repair and environmental protection rather than replacement,

Facade

Architecture

Facade is the principal exterior face of a building, often designed to create the strongest architectural impression. From Georgian townhouses to Victorian country estates, facades frequently incorporate decorative elements such as columns, pediments, cornices and symmetrical window arrangements. Historic facades are admired for their craftsmanship,

Faceted Glass

Glass

Faceted Glass is glass that has been cut with multiple flat polished surfaces, or facets, to enhance the reflection and refraction of light. Commonly found on chandeliers, decanters, drinking glasses and decorative objects, faceted glass creates brilliance and sparkle through precise craftsmanship. Antique examples are

Faience

Ceramics & PotteryDecorative ArtsMaterials

Faience is a type of tin-glazed earthenware renowned for its bright white surface and colourful hand-painted decoration. Originating in Renaissance Italy before flourishing in France, the Netherlands and Germany, faience was widely used for decorative plates, vases, tiles and ornamental objects from the sixteenth century

Fair Market Value

Restoration & Conservation

Fair Market Value is the estimated price an item would achieve when sold between a willing buyer and a willing seller, with both parties acting knowledgeably and without pressure. In the antiques market, fair market value is influenced by factors including rarity, condition, provenance, craftsmanship,

Fair Wear

Restoration & Conservation

Fair Wear refers to the natural signs of age, use and handling that develop on an antique over time. Minor scratches, gentle fading, surface patina and other age-related marks are generally considered acceptable and often enhance an item\'s authenticity, character and historical appeal. Collectors typically

Fairy Lamp

Lighting

Fairy Lamp is a small decorative lamp originally designed to provide a gentle, long-lasting light using a candle protected by a glass dome or shade. Popular during the Victorian era, fairy lamps were widely used as night lights and ornamental lighting, often crafted from coloured

Fake Antiques

Restoration & Conservation

Fake Antiques are objects deliberately created or altered to imitate genuine antiques with the intention of misleading buyers. Modern reproductions may artificially age materials, apply false maker\'s marks or replicate historic styles. Careful examination of construction, materials, provenance and craftsmanship is essential when assessing authenticity.

Fall Front Bureau

Furniture

Fall Front Bureau is a traditional writing cabinet featuring a hinged front that folds down to create a writing surface while revealing an arrangement of drawers, pigeonholes and hidden compartments. Popular throughout the Georgian and Victorian periods, fall front bureaux were designed to combine practical

Fall Front Desk

Furniture

Fall Front Desk is a writing desk with a hinged front panel that folds down to provide a convenient writing surface while concealing internal drawers and compartments. Found in homes and offices from the eighteenth century onwards, fall front desks offered a compact solution for

Famille Noire

Ceramics & Pottery

Famille Noire is a distinctive style of Chinese porcelain decorated with vibrant enamel colours set against a dramatic black ground. Produced primarily during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, famille noire wares often feature flowers, birds and landscapes painted in rich green, yellow, blue

Famille Rose

Ceramics & PotteryDecorative Arts

Famille Rose is a style of Chinese porcelain decorated with a distinctive palette of soft pink, green, yellow and turquoise enamels. Introduced during the Qing Dynasty in the early eighteenth century, it became one of the most celebrated decorative styles in Chinese export porcelain. Antique

Famille Verte

Ceramics & PotteryDecorative Arts

Famille Verte is a decorative style of Chinese porcelain characterised by a vibrant palette dominated by green enamels, complemented by yellow, iron-red, blue and black. Developed during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, famille verte porcelain often depicts birds, flowers, mythical creatures and landscapes.

Family Room

Country House & Interiors

Family Room is an informal living space designed for everyday relaxation, entertaining and family life. Unlike formal reception rooms, family rooms prioritise comfort while often incorporating antique furniture, decorative lighting, artwork and accessories to create a welcoming and characterful interior. Today, antique pieces are frequently

Fan

Decorative Arts

Fan is a handheld accessory designed to create airflow while serving as an elegant decorative object. Antique fans were crafted from materials such as ivory, mother-of-pearl, tortoiseshell, lace, silk and painted paper, often featuring intricate hand-painted scenes and carved detailing. They remain highly collectible for

Fanlight

ArchitectureDecorative Arts

Fanlight is a glazed window positioned above a doorway, traditionally featuring a semi-circular or elliptical shape with radiating glazing bars resembling an open fan. Widely used in Georgian, Regency and Victorian architecture, fanlights allow natural light into entrance halls while adding elegance and architectural character.

Farmhouse Kitchen

Country House & Interiors

Farmhouse Kitchen is a style of kitchen inspired by traditional rural homes, combining practicality with timeless charm. Characterised by natural materials, painted cabinetry, large dining tables, open shelving and antique furniture, farmhouse kitchens often feature period lighting, decorative accessories and reclaimed architectural elements to create

Farmhouse Table

Furniture

Farmhouse Table is a substantial dining or kitchen table traditionally crafted from solid timber such as oak, elm or pine. Designed for everyday family life, farmhouse tables are celebrated for their robust construction, generous proportions and honest simplicity. Antique farmhouse tables are highly sought after

Fascia

Architecture

Fascia is a horizontal architectural board or band positioned beneath the edge of a roof or forming part of a classical entablature. In traditional architecture, fascias provide both structural support and decorative definition, often complementing cornices and mouldings. They remain an important feature of historic

Faux Bamboo

Decorative Arts

Faux Bamboo is a decorative style in which furniture and accessories are crafted to imitate the appearance of natural bamboo using wood, metal or cast materials. Particularly fashionable during the Victorian and Aesthetic Movement periods, faux bamboo combines exotic influences with traditional cabinetmaking. Antique examples

Faux Bois

Faux Bois, meaning \"false wood\"" in French

Faux Marble

Materials

Faux Marble is a decorative finish that imitates the appearance of natural marble using paint, plaster or composite materials. This technique has been employed for centuries on furniture, fireplaces, columns and architectural features, offering the elegance of marble without the associated weight or cost. Antique

Faux Tortoiseshell

Materials

Faux Tortoiseshell is a decorative material designed to imitate the rich amber and brown appearance of genuine tortoiseshell using materials such as horn, resin, celluloid or painted finishes. Widely used for furniture, boxes, frames and decorative accessories, faux tortoiseshell provided an attractive and more affordable

Feather Picture

Decorative Arts

Feather Picture is a decorative artwork created using carefully arranged natural feathers to depict birds, flowers, landscapes or decorative scenes. Popular during the Victorian period, feather pictures showcased exceptional patience and craftsmanship and were often displayed in glazed frames. Antique examples remain sought after for

Feature Fireplace

Country House & Interiors

Feature Fireplace is a fireplace designed to serve as the focal point of a room, combining architectural presence with decorative appeal. Whether crafted from marble, carved stone, timber or cast iron, feature fireplaces are often complemented by antique lighting, mirrors, artwork and fireside accessories, creating

Federal Style

Decorative ArtsStyles & Periods

Federal Style is an elegant architectural and decorative style that developed in the United States between the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Influenced by Neo-Classical design, Federal Style is characterised by refined proportions, symmetrical forms, delicate inlay and classical ornament inspired by Ancient Greece

Felt

MaterialsTextiles

Felt is a non-woven textile created by compressing and matting natural fibres, most commonly wool, using heat, moisture and pressure. Traditionally used for table coverings, protective linings, hats, upholstery and decorative applications, felt has long been valued for its durability and insulating properties. Antique felt-covered

Ferdinand Barbedienne

Fine Art & ArtistsMakers, Designers & Manufacturers

Ferdinand Barbedienne (1810--1892) was one of France\'s most distinguished bronze founders and art publishers during the nineteenth century. His Paris foundry became internationally renowned for producing museum-quality bronze sculptures, decorative objects and furniture mounts, often after works by celebrated sculptors including Clodion, Carrier-Belleuse and Antoine-Louis

Festoon

ArchitectureDecorative Arts

Festoon is a decorative carved or moulded ornament depicting swags of flowers, fruit, leaves or ribbons draped in graceful curves. Originating in Classical architecture, festoons became popular in Georgian, Regency and Victorian decoration, appearing on furniture, mirrors, fireplaces and architectural features. They remain a hallmark

Fibreglass (Vintage)

Materials

Fibreglass (Vintage) refers to decorative objects and furniture manufactured from reinforced glass fibres and resin during the mid-twentieth century. Celebrated for its strength, lightweight construction and ability to form sculptural shapes, fibreglass became a defining material of Mid-Century Modern and Space Age design. Vintage fibreglass

Fiddle Back Chair

Furniture

Fiddle Back Chair is a nineteenth-century chair distinguished by a central back splat shaped like a violin or fiddle. Most commonly associated with Georgian, Regency and Victorian dining chairs, the elegant silhouette combines comfort with refined craftsmanship. Antique fiddle back chairs remain popular for dining

Fiddleback Chair

Furniture

Fiddleback Chair refers to a traditional chair featuring the distinctive violin-shaped central splat within the backrest. Popular throughout the nineteenth century, fiddleback chairs were produced in mahogany, walnut and rosewood and became a defining feature of Georgian and Victorian dining furniture. They continue to be

Figurative Painting

Fine Art & ArtistsMakers, Designers & Manufacturers

Figurative Painting is a style of art that represents recognisable subjects, particularly the human figure, rather than abstract forms. Spanning centuries of artistic tradition, figurative paintings may depict portraits, historical events, religious scenes or everyday life. Antique figurative works are valued for their technical skill,

Figured Walnut

Materials

Figured Walnut is walnut timber displaying distinctive natural grain patterns such as burr, curl, feathering or fiddleback figure. Highly prized by cabinet makers for centuries, figured walnut has been widely used in fine furniture, veneers and decorative interiors, where its rich colour and striking grain

Figurine

Decorative Arts

Figurine is a small decorative sculpture depicting a person, animal or mythological figure, typically crafted from porcelain, ceramic, bronze or glass. Produced by many of the world\'s leading manufacturers, antique figurines range from delicate Meissen porcelain to finely cast bronze sculptures. They remain highly collectible

Filing Cabinet (Antique)

Furniture

Antique Filing Cabinet refers to a storage cabinet designed for organising documents, correspondence and business records before the modern office era. Constructed from oak, mahogany, walnut or metal, antique filing cabinets often feature multiple drawers with brass handles and label holders. They are valued for

Fine Art Collecting

Restoration & Conservation

Fine Art Collecting is the practice of acquiring paintings, sculptures, drawings and other original works of art for their artistic, historical or investment value. Successful collecting combines knowledge, personal taste and careful research, with factors such as authenticity, provenance, condition and artist significance playing an

Fine Bone China

Ceramics & Pottery

Fine Bone China is a premium porcelain containing bone ash, giving it exceptional strength, translucency and a brilliant white appearance. Developed in Britain during the eighteenth century, fine bone china became synonymous with luxury tableware and decorative ceramics produced by leading manufacturers including Royal Worcester,

Fine Decorative Arts

Restoration & Conservation

Fine Decorative Arts refers to high-quality objects created for both practical use and artistic appreciation, including furniture, ceramics, glass, silver, lighting, sculpture and textiles. Distinguished by exceptional craftsmanship and design, fine decorative arts bridge the gap between functionality and beauty, making them an important area

Fine Linen

Textiles

Fine Linen is a high-quality textile woven from flax fibres, celebrated for its exceptional strength, smooth texture and natural lustre. Used for centuries in table linens, bedding, clothing and fine household furnishings, fine linen was particularly prized during the Georgian, Victorian and Edwardian periods. Antique

Fine Wax Polish

Restoration & Conservation

Fine Wax Polish is a high-quality finishing wax used to nourish, protect and enhance the surface of antique furniture and woodwork. Typically formulated with natural waxes such as beeswax and carnauba wax, it provides a soft sheen while helping to preserve original finishes and highlight

Finger Bowl

Glass

Finger Bowl is a small bowl traditionally placed on the dining table and filled with water, often scented with lemon or flower petals, allowing guests to rinse their fingertips between courses or after eating. Popular during the Georgian, Victorian and Edwardian periods, finger bowls were

Finial

ArchitectureDecorative ArtsGarden Antiques

Finial is an ornamental decorative feature that forms the crowning point of a structure, piece of furniture or architectural element. Finials are commonly found on gateposts, staircases, clocks, lamps, curtain poles, furniture, garden urns and rooflines, where they provide both visual balance and decorative detail.

Finish Restoration

Restoration & Conservation

Finish Restoration is the careful process of cleaning, stabilising and reviving the original surface finish of an antique without unnecessarily removing historic materials. Depending on the object, this may involve wax polishing, French polishing, surface cleaning or minor retouching, with the aim of preserving the

Fire Basket

Fire & Hearth

Fire Basket is an open metal basket designed to hold burning logs or coal within a fireplace. Usually made from wrought iron, cast iron or brass, fire baskets became popular during the Georgian and Victorian periods and are valued for their decorative appearance as well

Fire Bellows

Fire & Hearth

Fire Bellows are traditional tools used to increase airflow to a fire by directing a controlled stream of air into the hearth. Typically crafted from wood and leather with a brass nozzle, antique fire bellows were both practical household implements and decorative fireside accessories during

Fire Bucket

Decorative ArtsFire & Hearth

Fire Bucket is a traditional metal bucket designed to store water, sand or coal beside a fireplace for both safety and practical use. Victorian examples were commonly crafted from copper, brass or iron and often feature decorative embossed or painted finishes. Antique fire buckets remain

Fire Companion Set

Fire & HearthSilver & Metalwork

Fire Companion Set is a coordinated collection of fireside tools, typically including a poker, tongs, shovel and brush displayed on a matching stand beside the fireplace. Produced in brass, wrought iron and steel, antique companion sets combine practical functionality with decorative craftsmanship. They remain an

Fire Dogs

Decorative ArtsFire & Hearth

Fire Dogs, also known as Andirons, are ornamental supports positioned inside a fireplace to raise logs above the hearth, allowing improved airflow for efficient burning. Often crafted from wrought iron, brass or bronze, antique fire dogs range from simple functional designs to highly decorative examples

Fire Fender

Decorative ArtsFire & Hearth

Fire Fender is a decorative barrier positioned around the front of a fireplace to help contain fuel and provide a protective boundary around the hearth. Traditionally crafted from brass, wrought iron or steel, antique fire fenders range from simple Victorian examples to elaborate pierced and

Fire Gilding

Decorative Arts

Fire Gilding, also known as Mercury Gilding, is a historic process in which a gold-mercury amalgam was applied to bronze or brass before being heated to leave a durable layer of gold bonded to the metal. Widely used on ormolu mounts, clocks, lighting and decorative

Fire Gilding (Historical)

Restoration & Conservation

Fire Gilding, also known as mercury gilding, is a historic decorative technique in which a gold-mercury amalgam was applied to metal before being heated to evaporate the mercury, leaving a durable layer of gold bonded to the surface. Widely used during the eighteenth and nineteenth

Fire Grate

Decorative ArtsFire & Hearth

Fire Grate is a metal framework positioned within a fireplace to support burning fuel while allowing air to circulate beneath for efficient combustion. Produced in cast iron, brass and steel, antique fire grates often incorporate decorative elements reflecting Georgian, Victorian and Edwardian design. Original examples

Fire Iron

Decorative ArtsFire & Hearth

Fire Iron refers to any of the traditional tools used to tend an open fire, including pokers, tongs, shovels and brushes. Often displayed together on a stand beside the hearth, antique fire irons were crafted from brass, wrought iron or steel and frequently feature decorative

Fire Screen

Decorative ArtsFire & Hearth

Fire Screen is a protective screen placed in front of an open fire to shield occupants from sparks and excessive heat while adding a decorative feature to the fireplace. Antique fire screens range from embroidered pole screens to brass mesh and stained-glass examples. They remain

Fire Shovel

Fire & Hearth

A Fire Shovel is a hand tool used to remove ash and manage coal or logs on an open fire, typically forming part of a matching companion set with poker and tongs.

Fire Tongs

Fire & Hearth

Fire Tongs are specialised fireside tools used to safely lift, position and adjust burning logs or coal within a fireplace. Usually made from wrought iron, brass or steel, antique fire tongs formed an essential part of every fire companion set and were designed for both

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